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Freshwater moray (Gymnothorax polyuranodon) — Muraenidae

Freshwater moray

Gymnothorax polyuranodon
Family: Muraenidae

The Freshwater moray (Gymnothorax polyuranodon) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Muraenidae that grows up to 150 cm.

Length
150 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Depth
0.0–10.0 m
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Snake-like
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
May bite
Range
Oceania: Australia, Brunei Darsm, Sri Lanka, Taiwan/Ch Taipei, Fiji, Indonesia and others
Edibility
Commonly eaten

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Description

The freshwater moray is an unusual moray (Muraenidae) from the Indo-West Pacific that ascends far into fresh and brackish river water. The species grows to about 1.5 metres and has an elongate, snake-shaped, yellow-and-black spotted, scaleless body. As a nocturnal predator it hides by day among stones and roots and seizes fish and crustaceans at night. It bites fiercely when disturbed; handle with care.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Freshwater moray?

The Freshwater moray has a snake-like body, is mainly yellow-gold and shows a spots pattern. Can bite with sharp teeth or powerful jaws; handle with care.

Where does the Freshwater moray live?

The Freshwater moray lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom. Oceania: Australia, Brunei Darsm, Sri Lanka, Taiwan/Ch Taipei, Fiji, Indonesia and others

How big does the Freshwater moray get?

The Freshwater moray grows to a maximum of about 150 cm.

Is the Freshwater moray dangerous to humans?

The Freshwater moray can bite, but is otherwise not dangerous to humans. Do not feed or reach into crevices. For a bite: rinse the wound thoroughly with clean water, apply firm pressure to stop bleeding and cover with a sterile dressing. Moray bites are deep and prone to infection: always have them assessed medically and check tetanus status.

Is the Freshwater moray edible?

Yes, the Freshwater moray is commonly eaten.

More photos

Freshwater moray (Gymnothorax polyuranodon) — Muraenidae — 2
Andy Bentley (CC BY 4.0) via GBIF — SAIAB
Freshwater moray (Gymnothorax polyuranodon) — Muraenidae — 3
iNaturalist ((c) Abner Bucol, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Freshwater moray (Gymnothorax polyuranodon) — Muraenidae — 4
iNaturalist ((c) Amaury Durbano, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Freshwater moray (Gymnothorax polyuranodon) — Muraenidae — 5
iNaturalist ((c) juju98, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
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All data

Identification

English name
Freshwater moray sourced
Scientific name
Gymnothorax polyuranodon
Family
Muraenidae
Other names
Freshwater moray; Manytoothed moray; Moray eel; Spotted freshwater moray eel verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
150.0 verified
Body shape
Snake-like sourced
Dominant colour
Yellow / gold sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Straight inferred

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
10.0 verified
Natural range
Oceania: Australia, Brunei Darsm, Sri Lanka, Taiwan/Ch Taipei, Fiji, Indonesia and others sourced
Origin
Native inferred

Behaviour & biology

Social behaviour
Solitary inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Activity
Nocturnal sourced
Reproduction
Separate sexes inferred
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred
Seasonality
Present year-round in its habitat; no pronounced seasonality known. inferred
Special features
Can bite with sharp teeth or powerful jaws; handle with care. inferred

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten inferred
Fishing method
Bottom fishing with natural bait (worm, shrimp or fish) on or just above the seabed. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
May bite verified
First aid
Do not feed or reach into crevices. For a bite: rinse the wound thoroughly with clean water, apply firm pressure to stop bleeding and cover with a sterile dressing. Moray bites are deep and prone to infection: always have them assessed medically and check tetanus status. sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Gymnothorax

More from the family Muraenidae

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