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Common crampfish (Torpedo marmorata) — Torpedinidae

Common crampfish

Torpedo marmorata
Family: Torpedinidae
VU · Vulnerable

The Common crampfish (Torpedo marmorata) is a brackish-water fish of the family Torpedinidae that grows up to 100 cm.

Length
100 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
2.0–370.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Irregular
Substrate
Stone or rock
Danger
Can cause injury
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The marbled electric ray is a rounded electric ray of the family Torpedinidae reaching about 100 cm. The upper side carries a marbled brown pattern that camouflages it perfectly on the bottom, while the underside is white. Within the 'wings' lie powerful electric organs the ray uses to stun prey and defend itself with a shock of up to about 200 volts. The species lives over seagrass beds, rocky reefs and soft bottoms of the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, usually to 70 m, ambushing small fish and crustaceans at night. Fishing pressure has left it assessed as Vulnerable; it should never be handled.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Common crampfish?

The Common crampfish has an irregular in shape body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern.

Where does the Common crampfish live?

The Common crampfish lives in brackish water and is mostly found around stony or rocky ground.

How big does the Common crampfish get?

The Common crampfish grows to a maximum of about 100 cm. On average the species is around 60 cm.

Is the Common crampfish dangerous to humans?

The Common crampfish can cause injury; handle it with care.

Is the Common crampfish edible?

The Common crampfish is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Gemarmerde sidderrog verified
English name
Common crampfish verified
Scientific name
Torpedo marmorata
Family
Torpedinidae
Other names
Marbled electric ray verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
100.0 verified
Average length (cm)
60.0 verified
Body shape
Irregular sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Marbled sourced
Tail shape
Rounded sourced
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish sourced
Substrate
Stone or rock sourced
Min depth (m)
2.0 verified
Max depth (m)
370.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal sourced
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Vissen met natuurlijk aas (vis, garnaal, worm) of kunstaas dicht bij rif- en rotsstructuren. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Can cause injury verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Torpedo

More from the family Torpedinidae

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