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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) — Salmonidae

Atlantic salmon

Salmo salar
Family: Salmonidae
NT · Near Threatened

The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Salmonidae that grows up to 150 cm.

Length
150 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Depth
0.0–210.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped
Substrate
Mixed bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Highly prized

Description

The Atlantic salmon is a large, powerful salmonid of the family Salmonidae reaching about 150 cm. The streamlined body bears an adipose fin between the dorsal and tail fins and is silvery with black spots; in the spawning season river fish turn brownish to reddish and males develop a hooked lower jaw. The salmon is anadromous: it grows up in cool, fast-flowing rivers, migrates to the North Atlantic to grow and after years returns to its native river to spawn, leaping waterfalls and weirs on the way. At sea it hunts herring-like fish and squid. Through dams, pollution and climate change many populations have declined sharply; the species is now assessed as Near Threatened (NT).

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Atlantic salmon?

The Atlantic salmon has a torpedo-shaped body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Atlantic salmon live?

The Atlantic salmon lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around mixed bottom.

How big does the Atlantic salmon get?

The Atlantic salmon grows to a maximum of about 150 cm. On average the species is around 38 cm.

Is the Atlantic salmon dangerous to humans?

No, the Atlantic salmon is harmless to humans.

Is the Atlantic salmon edible?

Yes, the Atlantic salmon is a highly prized food fish.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Zalm verified
English name
Atlantic salmon verified
Scientific name
Salmo salar
Family
Salmonidae
Other names
Atlantic salmon verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
150.0 verified
Average length (cm)
38.0 verified
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline verified
Substrate
Mixed bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
210.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Schooling verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Diurnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
13.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Highly prized verified
Fishing method
Vliegvissen en spinnen in rivieren tijdens de stroomopwaartse trek; sterk gereguleerd, vaak verplicht terugzetten (catch-and-release) sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Salmo

More from the family Salmonidae

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