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Ringed torpedo (Torpedo mackayana) — Torpedinidae

Ringed torpedo

Torpedo mackayana
Family: Torpedinidae
EN · Endangered

The Ringed torpedo (Torpedo mackayana) is a saltwater fish of the family Torpedinidae that grows up to 40 cm.

Length
40 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
30.0–50.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Can cause injury
Range
Eastern Atlantic along the coast of West Africa, buried in sandy and silty bottoms of shallow coastal water and estuaries.
Edibility
Rarely eaten

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Description

Mackay's torpedo is a round, disc-shaped electric ray of the family Torpedinidae reaching about 40 cm. The almost circular pectoral disc is brown with a marbled and blotched pattern. In the disc, on either side of the head, sit large electric organs with which the ray can deliver a powerful, stunning shock - both to overpower prey and in defence. The species lies buried on sand and mud bottoms of shallow coastal water and estuaries along the West African coast. It surprises fish by stunning them with a shock and then swallowing them. It is ovoviviparous. Through fishing and bycatch it has declined sharply and is assessed as Endangered (EN).

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Ringed torpedo?

The Ringed torpedo has a flattened, disc-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern. Round, disc-shaped electric ray with large electric organs in the pectoral disc, with which it delivers a stunning electric shock.

Where does the Ringed torpedo live?

The Ringed torpedo lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom. Eastern Atlantic along the coast of West Africa, buried in sandy and silty bottoms of shallow coastal water and estuaries.

How big does the Ringed torpedo get?

The Ringed torpedo grows to a maximum of about 40 cm.

Is the Ringed torpedo dangerous to humans?

The Ringed torpedo can cause injury; handle it with care. This electric ray can deliver a powerful, stunning electric shock with its electric organs that can knock a person off balance; do not touch a caught or buried animal.

Is the Ringed torpedo edible?

The Ringed torpedo is rarely eaten.

More photos

Ringed torpedo (Torpedo mackayana) — Torpedinidae — 2
iNaturalist ((c) Prince, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
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All data

Identification

English name
Ringed torpedo verified
Scientific name
Torpedo mackayana
Family
Torpedinidae
Other names
Ringed torpedo verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
40.0 verified
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped verified
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom verified
Min depth (m)
30.0 verified
Max depth (m)
50.0 verified
Natural range
Eastern Atlantic along the coast of West Africa, buried in sandy and silty bottoms of shallow coastal water and estuaries. verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Diet (detail)
Fishes, stunned with an electric shock, and crustaceans sourced
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
Seasonality
Burrowing bottom-dweller of shallow coastal water; ovoviviparous (live-bearing), with a few young per litter. sourced
Special features
Round, disc-shaped electric ray with large electric organs in the pectoral disc, with which it delivers a stunning electric shock. sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Bottom fishing with natural bait (worm, shrimp or fish) on or just above the seabed. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Can cause injury verified
First aid
This electric ray can deliver a powerful, stunning electric shock with its electric organs that can knock a person off balance; do not touch a caught or buried animal. sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Torpedo

More from the family Torpedinidae

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