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Rake drum (Stellifer rastrifer) — Sciaenidae

Rake drum

Stellifer rastrifer
Family: Sciaenidae
LC · Least Concern

The Rake drum (Stellifer rastrifer) is a brackish-water fish of the family Sciaenidae that grows up to 32 cm.

Length
32.1 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
0–40.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Range
Shallow coastal waters and brackish estuaries of eastern South America.
Edibility
Rarely eaten

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Description

Stellifer rastrifer, the rake stardrum, is a small drum of the family Sciaenidae from coastal waters of eastern South America. The species has a stocky, silvery to yellowish body with a large head and reaches about 32 cm. It lives in shallow coastal waters over soft, muddy bottoms and is abundant in brackish estuaries. The diet consists mainly of small crustaceans, on which it often hunts in schools. Like other drums it can produce drumming sounds with its swim bladder. The species is mainly processed into by-products such as fish meal and is of limited local commercial importance.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Rake drum?

The Rake drum has a torpedo-shaped body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a plain pattern. Large head; hunts small crustaceans in shoals and makes drumming sounds.

Where does the Rake drum live?

The Rake drum lives in brackish water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom. Shallow coastal waters and brackish estuaries of eastern South America.

How big does the Rake drum get?

The Rake drum grows to a maximum of about 32 cm. On average the species is around 15 cm.

Is the Rake drum dangerous to humans?

No, the Rake drum is harmless to humans. This species is harmless to humans. No specific first aid is needed. Still handle the fish with care: mind the fin rays and the sharp edges of the gill cover, and rinse any scratch with clean water and cover it. For a dirty or deep wound check tetanus status.

Is the Rake drum edible?

The Rake drum is rarely eaten.

More photos

Rake drum (Stellifer rastrifer) — Sciaenidae — 2
© President and Fellows of Harvard College (CC BY-NC 4.0) via GBIF — MCZ
Rake drum (Stellifer rastrifer) — Sciaenidae — 3
iNaturalist ((c) Rosana Moreira da Rocha, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Rake drum (Stellifer rastrifer) — Sciaenidae — 4
iNaturalist ((c) Caio Henrique Cutrim, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Rake drum (Stellifer rastrifer) — Sciaenidae — 5
iNaturalist ((c) RNN Grand-Connétable, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
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All data

Identification

English name
Rake drum verified
Scientific name
Stellifer rastrifer
Family
Sciaenidae
Other names
Rake stardrum; Yellow drum verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
32.1 verified
Average length (cm)
15.0 verified
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey inferred
Pattern
Plain inferred
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Max depth (m)
40.0 verified
Natural range
Shallow coastal waters and brackish estuaries of eastern South America. inferred
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore sourced
Diet (detail)
Small crustaceans sourced
Social behaviour
Schooling inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred
Seasonality
Present year-round in its habitat; no pronounced seasonality known. inferred
Special features
Large head; hunts small crustaceans in shoals and makes drumming sounds. sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten sourced
Fishing method
Bottom fishing with natural bait (worm, shrimp or fish) on or just above the seabed. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced
First aid
This species is harmless to humans. No specific first aid is needed. Still handle the fish with care: mind the fin rays and the sharp edges of the gill cover, and rinse any scratch with clean water and cover it. For a dirty or deep wound check tetanus status. verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Stellifer

More from the family Sciaenidae

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