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Discus (Symphysodon discus) — Cichlidae

Discus

Symphysodon discus
Family: Cichlidae
LC · Least Concern

The Discus (Symphysodon discus) is a freshwater fish of the family Cichlidae that grows up to 12 cm.

Length
12.3 cm
Water
Freshwater
Diet
Omnivore
Behaviour
Small groups
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped
Substrate
Mixed bottom
Danger
Harmless
Range
Amazon basin
Edibility
Rarely eaten

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Description

The discus is a deep, strongly laterally compressed, disc-shaped cichlid from the Amazon basin in South America, especially the Rio Negro. The species grows to about 12 to 20 cm and has a round, silvery-brown to red-brown body with blue wavy lines over head and flank and nine dark cross-bars. It lives in calm, blackwater backwaters and flooded forests. Remarkably, the young feed for the first days on a mucus layer on the skin of both parents. It is one of the most prized aquarium fishes. The IUCN assesses the species as Least Concern (LC).

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Discus?

The Discus has a flattened, disc-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a vertical stripes pattern. Disc-shaped body; the young eat skin mucus from the parents; top aquarium fish

Where does the Discus live?

The Discus lives in fresh water and is mostly found around mixed bottom. Amazon basin

How big does the Discus get?

The Discus grows to a maximum of about 12 cm.

Is the Discus dangerous to humans?

No, the Discus is harmless to humans. This species is harmless to humans. No specific first aid is needed. Still handle the fish with care: mind the fin rays and the sharp edges of the gill cover, and rinse any scratch with clean water and cover it. For a dirty or deep wound check tetanus status.

Is the Discus edible?

The Discus is rarely eaten.

More photos

Discus (Symphysodon discus) — Cichlidae — 2
iNaturalist ((c) saraalien1, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Discus (Symphysodon discus) — Cichlidae — 3
Wikimedia Commons — Doronenko (CC BY 3.0)
Discus (Symphysodon discus) — Cichlidae — 4
Wikimedia Commons — Doronenko (CC BY 3.0)
Discus (Symphysodon discus) — Cichlidae — 5
Wikimedia Commons — Limesle at French Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 2.5)
Fin

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All data

Identification

English name
Discus verified
Scientific name
Symphysodon discus
Family
Cichlidae
Other names
Discus; Pompadour fish; Red discus verified

Appearance

Size class
Small verified
Max length (cm)
12.3 verified
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown inferred
Pattern
Vertical bars sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal sourced
Lips
Thick / fleshy sourced
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Freshwater sourced
Substrate
Mixed bottom sourced
Natural range
Amazon basin verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Omnivore sourced
Diet (detail)
Small invertebrates, insect larvae and plant material inferred
Social behaviour
Small groups sourced
Territorial
Yes sourced
Activity
Diurnal sourced
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No sourced
Seasonality
Disc-shaped parental-mucus-brooding cichlid; present year-round. sourced
Special features
Disc-shaped body; the young eat skin mucus from the parents; top aquarium fish sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten sourced
Fishing method
Small in size and barely an angling target; mostly caught incidentally or as baitfish. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced
First aid
This species is harmless to humans. No specific first aid is needed. Still handle the fish with care: mind the fin rays and the sharp edges of the gill cover, and rinse any scratch with clean water and cover it. For a dirty or deep wound check tetanus status. verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Symphysodon

More from the family Cichlidae

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