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Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) — Gadidae

Polar cod

Boreogadus saida
Family: Gadidae
LC · Least Concern

The Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is a saltwater fish of the family Gadidae that grows up to 40 cm.

Length
40 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
0.0–1383.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The polar cod is a small, slender cod relative of the family Gadidae reaching about 40 cm. The brownish-silver body has, typical of the cod family, three dorsal fins and two anal fins, a deeply forked tail and a small chin barbel. The species is a true ice-sea fish: it lives in the Arctic Ocean and adjacent cold waters, often just under or among the pack ice, and produces antifreeze proteins to survive in water below freezing. In schools it feeds on zooplankton, mainly copepods and amphipods. The polar cod is a keystone species of the Arctic food web: it is crucial food for seabirds, seals, whales and larger fish.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Polar cod?

The Polar cod has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the Polar cod live?

The Polar cod lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Polar cod get?

The Polar cod grows to a maximum of about 40 cm. On average the species is around 25 cm.

Is the Polar cod dangerous to humans?

No, the Polar cod is harmless to humans.

Is the Polar cod edible?

The Polar cod is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Poolkabeljauw verified
English name
Polar cod verified
Scientific name
Boreogadus saida
Family
Gadidae
Other names
Arctic cod; Cod; Polar cod verified

Appearance

Size class
Medium verified
Max length (cm)
40.0 verified
Average length (cm)
25.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Forked inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
Yes verified
Dorsal fins
Three separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
1383.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Schooling verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
7.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

More from the family Gadidae

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