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Black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) — Scorpaenidae

Black scorpionfish

Scorpaena porcus
Family: Scorpaenidae
LC · Least Concern

The Black scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus) is a saltwater fish of the family Scorpaenidae that grows up to 41 cm.

Length
40.5 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
0–800.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Venomous / poisonous
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The black scorpionfish is a stout rock fish of the family Scorpaenidae reaching about 40 cm. The brown to almost black mottled body is covered with skin flaps and bears a pair of long tentacles above the eyes, letting the fish blend perfectly among rocks and weeds. Venomous spines stand in the dorsal, pelvic and anal fins. The species lives on shallow rock and seagrass bottoms of the eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. As an ambush hunter it lies motionless on the bottom and seizes passing fish, crustaceans and molluscs with a fast snap. Despite the venomous spines it is a valued food fish, famous as an ingredient of southern European fish soup.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Black scorpionfish?

The Black scorpionfish has a torpedo-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern.

Where does the Black scorpionfish live?

The Black scorpionfish lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Black scorpionfish get?

The Black scorpionfish grows to a maximum of about 41 cm. On average the species is around 15 cm.

Is the Black scorpionfish dangerous to humans?

The Black scorpionfish is venomous — handle spines with care and seek medical help after a sting if needed.

Is the Black scorpionfish edible?

Yes, the Black scorpionfish is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Zwarte schorpioenvis inferred
English name
Black scorpionfish verified
Scientific name
Scorpaena porcus
Family
Scorpaenidae
Other names
Black scorpion fish; Black scorpionfish; Black scorpion-fish; European scorpionfish verified

Appearance

Size class
Large verified
Max length (cm)
40.5 verified
Average length (cm)
15.0 verified
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Marbled sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Superior (upward) inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Max depth (m)
800.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
Yes verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Venomous / poisonous verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Scorpaena

More from the family Scorpaenidae

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