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European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) — Petromyzontidae

European river lamprey

Lampetra fluviatilis
LC · Least Concern

The European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) is a fish that lives in both fresh and salt water of the family Petromyzontidae that grows up to 50 cm.

Length
50 cm
Water
Euryhaline
Depth
10.0–? m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Snake-like
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The European river lamprey is a jawless, eel-shaped cyclostome of the family Petromyzontidae reaching about 50 cm. Instead of jaws it has a round sucker mouth full of horny teeth and a rasping tongue; seven round gill openings lie behind each eye. The slimy, scaleless body is yellow-brown. The species is anadromous: adults live at sea and in river mouths, where they temporarily attach parasitically to fish to feed on blood and tissue. In autumn and winter they run up rivers to spawn on gravel in spring, after which they die. The worm-like larvae live for years buried in the river bed filtering detritus, before transforming and migrating to sea.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the European river lamprey?

The European river lamprey has a snake-like body, is mainly brown and shows a plain pattern.

Where does the European river lamprey live?

The European river lamprey lives in both fresh and salt water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the European river lamprey get?

The European river lamprey grows to a maximum of about 50 cm. On average the species is around 35 cm.

Is the European river lamprey dangerous to humans?

No, the European river lamprey is harmless to humans.

Is the European river lamprey edible?

The European river lamprey is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Rivierprik verified
English name
European river lamprey verified
Scientific name
Lampetra fluviatilis
Family
Petromyzontidae
Other names
European river lamprey; Lampern; River lamprey verified

Appearance

Size class
Large verified
Max length (cm)
50.0 verified
Average length (cm)
35.0 verified
Body shape
Snake-like sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Euryhaline verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
10.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
10.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Lampetra

More from the family Petromyzontidae

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