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Craig fluke (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) — Pleuronectidae

Craig fluke

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus
VU · Vulnerable

The Craig fluke (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) is a saltwater fish of the family Pleuronectidae that grows up to 60 cm.

Length
60 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
18.0–1570.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Range
North Atlantic and adjacent Arctic Ocean, on soft muddy bottoms in fairly deep water.
Edibility
Commonly eaten

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Description

The witch flounder is a slender, strongly compressed flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae reaching about 60 cm. The elongate body is uniformly brown with rough scales and large mucus pores on the blind underside; the pectoral fin tip is dark. It lives on soft mud bottoms in fairly deep water of the northern Atlantic, usually between 45 and 366 m, feeding on crustaceans, polychaete worms and brittle stars. Its eggs and larvae are pelagic. Fishing pressure has reduced stocks and the species is assessed as Vulnerable, yet it is still landed regularly as a food fish.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Craig fluke?

The Craig fluke has a flattened, disc-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a plain pattern. Strongly compressed, elongated flatfish with large mucus pores on the blind side and a dark pectoral fin tip.

Where does the Craig fluke live?

The Craig fluke lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom. North Atlantic and adjacent Arctic Ocean, on soft muddy bottoms in fairly deep water.

How big does the Craig fluke get?

The Craig fluke grows to a maximum of about 60 cm.

Is the Craig fluke dangerous to humans?

No, the Craig fluke is harmless to humans. None required: this species is harmless to humans.

Is the Craig fluke edible?

Yes, the Craig fluke is commonly eaten.

More photos

Craig fluke (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) — Pleuronectidae — 2
iNaturalist ((c) Crystal Hiltz, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Craig fluke (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) — Pleuronectidae — 3
iNaturalist ((c) Claude Nozères, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))

Easily confused with

These species look like the Craig fluke and live in the same waters.

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All data

Identification

English name
Craig fluke verified
Scientific name
Glyptocephalus cynoglossus
Family
Pleuronectidae
Other names
Gray sole; Grey sole; Grey-sole; Whitch; Witch; Witch flounder verified

Appearance

Size class
Large verified
Max length (cm)
60.0 verified
Body shape
Flat / disc-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Rounded sourced
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
18.0 verified
Max depth (m)
1570.0 verified
Natural range
North Atlantic and adjacent Arctic Ocean, on soft muddy bottoms in fairly deep water. verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Diet (detail)
Worms, crustaceans, molluscs and benthic invertebrates inferred
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Diurnal sourced
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
levensduur_max_jaar
25.0 verified
Seasonality
Deep-water flatfish with pelagic eggs and larvae; migrates seasonally between depths. sourced
Special features
Strongly compressed, elongated flatfish with large mucus pores on the blind side and a dark pectoral fin tip. sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten verified
Fishing method
Bottom fishing with natural bait (worm, shrimp or fish) on or just above the seabed. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless sourced
First aid
None required: this species is harmless to humans. sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Glyptocephalus

More from the family Pleuronectidae

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