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Blue dog (Squalus acanthias) — Squalidae

Blue dog

Squalus acanthias
Family: Squalidae
VU · Vulnerable

The Blue dog (Squalus acanthias) is a brackish-water fish of the family Squalidae that grows up to 160 cm.

Length
160 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
0.0–1978.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Schooling
Activity
Diurnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Venomous / poisonous
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The spurdog is a slender, small shark of the family Squalidae reaching about 160 cm. The back is blue-grey with a row of small white spots and the belly is white; an anal fin is absent. In front of each of the two dorsal fins stands a venomous spine that can inflict a painful wound. The species occurs circumglobally in cool, temperate waters, including the North Sea, hunting fish, squid and crustaceans. Spurdogs are ovoviviparous with an exceptionally long gestation of 18 to 24 months. Because of overfishing and slow reproduction the species is assessed as Vulnerable across much of its range.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Blue dog?

The Blue dog has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly silver-grey and shows a spots pattern.

Where does the Blue dog live?

The Blue dog lives in brackish water and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the Blue dog get?

The Blue dog grows to a maximum of about 160 cm. On average the species is around 100 cm.

Is the Blue dog dangerous to humans?

The Blue dog is venomous — handle spines with care and seek medical help after a sting if needed.

Is the Blue dog edible?

Yes, the Blue dog is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Doornhaai sourced
English name
Blue dog verified
Scientific name
Squalus acanthias
Family
Squalidae
Other names
Common spiny fish; Darwen salmon; Dog fish; Dogfish; Flake verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
160.0 verified
Average length (cm)
100.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Silver / grey sourced
Pattern
Spots sourced
Tail shape
Crescent (lunate) sourced
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
Two separate sourced
Dorsal spines
Yes verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
1978.0 verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Schooling verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Diurnal sourced
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
Yes verified
levensduur_max_jaar
75.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten verified
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Venomous / poisonous sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Squalus

More from the family Squalidae

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