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California butterfly ray (Gymnura marmorata) — Gymnuridae

California butterfly ray

Gymnura marmorata
Family: Gymnuridae
NT · Near Threatened

The California butterfly ray (Gymnura marmorata) is a saltwater fish of the family Gymnuridae that grows up to 100 cm.

Length
100 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
1.0–94.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Body shape
Irregular
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Venomous / poisonous
Edibility
Rarely eaten

Description

The California butterfly ray is a butterfly ray of the family Gymnuridae from the eastern Pacific. The species grows to about one metre wide and has a very broad, rhomboidal, wing-like pectoral disc much wider than long, with a mottled pattern camouflaging it on the bottom, and a short, thin tail. It inhabits warm-temperate to tropical shallow bays and beaches over soft bottoms. As a bottom hunter it 'flies' low over the bottom and seizes small fishes, crustaceans and molluscs. Unlike many stingrays the butterfly ray has no or only a very small tail spine and is harmless to humans. Owing to bycatch the species is listed as Near Threatened (NT).

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the California butterfly ray?

The California butterfly ray has an irregular in shape body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern.

Where does the California butterfly ray live?

The California butterfly ray lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom.

How big does the California butterfly ray get?

The California butterfly ray grows to a maximum of about 100 cm. On average the species is around 95 cm.

Is the California butterfly ray dangerous to humans?

The California butterfly ray is venomous — handle spines with care and seek medical help after a sting if needed.

Is the California butterfly ray edible?

The California butterfly ray is rarely eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Californische vlinderrog sourced
English name
California butterfly ray verified
Scientific name
Gymnura marmorata
Family
Gymnuridae
Other names
California butterfly ray verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
100.0 verified
Average length (cm)
95.0 verified
Body shape
Irregular sourced
Dominant colour
Brown inferred
Pattern
Marbled inferred
Mouth position
Inferior (downward) inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
One continuous inferred
Dorsal spines
No sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater sourced
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
1.0 verified
Max depth (m)
94.0 verified
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore sourced
Social behaviour
Solitary inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten sourced
Fishing method
Bodemvissen met natuurlijk aas (worm, garnaal of vis) op of vlak boven de bodem. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Venomous / poisonous sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Gymnura

More from the family Gymnuridae

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