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Frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) — Chlamydoselachidae

Frilled shark

Chlamydoselachus anguineus
LC · Least Concern

The Frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) is a saltwater fish of the family Chlamydoselachidae that grows up to 200 cm.

Length
200 cm
Water
Saltwater
Depth
0.0–1570.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like)
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom
Danger
Harmless
Range
Distributed worldwide but rare everywhere, along continental slopes in the deep sea, including the eastern Atlantic.
Edibility
Not eaten

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Description

The frilled shark is an eel-shaped primitive shark of the family Chlamydoselachidae reaching about 2 metres, often called a 'living fossil'. The slender, dark-brown body has six pairs of gill slits with frilly edges, dorsal, pelvic and anal fins set far back, and a terminal mouth full of hundreds of three-pronged, needle-sharp teeth. The species occurs worldwide but is everywhere rare, along continental slopes in the deep sea, including the eastern Atlantic, usually at hundreds to over a thousand metres. With its expandable mouth and jaws it seizes squid, other sharks and fish, which it can swallow whole. Reproduction is ovoviviparous with an exceptionally long gestation. Living specimens are only rarely observed.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Frilled shark?

The Frilled shark has an elongate, eel-like body, is mainly brown and shows a plain pattern. Eel-shaped primitive shark with six pairs of frilled gill slits, a terminal mouth full of three-pointed, needle-sharp teeth and a strongly set-back dorsal fin.

Where does the Frilled shark live?

The Frilled shark lives in the sea (marine waters) and is mostly found around sand or mud bottom. Distributed worldwide but rare everywhere, along continental slopes in the deep sea, including the eastern Atlantic.

How big does the Frilled shark get?

The Frilled shark grows to a maximum of about 200 cm.

Is the Frilled shark dangerous to humans?

No, the Frilled shark is harmless to humans. None required: this species is harmless to humans.

Is the Frilled shark edible?

The Frilled shark is not usually eaten.

More photos

Frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) — Chlamydoselachidae — 2
iNaturalist ((c) MARC MARTIN SOLA, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) — Chlamydoselachidae — 3
iNaturalist ((c) ゆり魔王, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) — Chlamydoselachidae — 4
iNaturalist ((c) ゆり魔王, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Fin

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All data

Identification

English name
Frilled shark verified
Scientific name
Chlamydoselachus anguineus
Family
Chlamydoselachidae
Other names
Frill shark; Frilled shark; Frill-gilled shark; Greenland shark; Scaffold shark; Silk shark verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
200.0 verified
Body shape
Elongated (eel-like) sourced
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Plain sourced
Tail shape
Straight inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thin inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Saltwater verified
Substrate
Sand / mud bottom sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
1570.0 verified
Natural range
Distributed worldwide but rare everywhere, along continental slopes in the deep sea, including the eastern Atlantic. verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Diet (detail)
Squid, other deep-sea sharks and fishes sourced
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
No verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
No verified
Seasonality
Ovoviviparous with an exceptionally long gestation period (possibly years); lives all year in the deep sea. sourced
Special features
Eel-shaped primitive shark with six pairs of frilled gill slits, a terminal mouth full of three-pointed, needle-sharp teeth and a strongly set-back dorsal fin. sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Not eaten verified
Fishing method
Bottom fishing with natural bait (worm, shrimp or fish) on or just above the seabed. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Harmless verified
First aid
None required: this species is harmless to humans. sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0
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