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Dornorn (Synanceia horrida) — Synanceiidae

Dornorn

Synanceia horrida
Family: Synanceiidae
LC · Least Concern

The Dornorn (Synanceia horrida) is a brackish-water fish of the family Synanceiidae that grows up to 60 cm.

Length
60 cm
Water
Brackish
Depth
0.0–40.0 m
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped
Substrate
Stone or rock
Danger
Venomous / poisonous
Range
Indo-West Pacific; coastal reefs and estuaries, buried in sand or mud.
Edibility
Rarely eaten

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Description

The estuarine stonefish is a stonefish (Synanceiidae) from the Indo-West Pacific and is one of the most venomous fishes in the world. The species has a stocky, warty body that looks like an algae-covered stone; it lies largely buried in sand or mud of coastal reefs and estuaries and is therefore hard to see. As an ambush hunter it swallows passing fishes and shrimps in a flash. The thirteen dorsal fin spines bear powerful venom glands; a sting - often from stepping on it - is extremely painful and can be fatal. Seek immediate medical help for a sting.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Dornorn?

The Dornorn has a torpedo-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a spots pattern. One of the most venomous fishes in the world; camouflaged as a stone, with thirteen venomous dorsal fin spines.

Where does the Dornorn live?

The Dornorn lives in brackish water and is mostly found around stony or rocky ground. Indo-West Pacific; coastal reefs and estuaries, buried in sand or mud.

How big does the Dornorn get?

The Dornorn grows to a maximum of about 60 cm.

Is the Dornorn dangerous to humans?

The Dornorn is venomous — handle spines with care and seek medical help after a sting if needed. The dorsal fin spines contain a very powerful, potentially deadly venom; this is one of the most dangerous fishes in the world. A sting causes extreme pain and swelling. Immerse the wound in water as hot as can be tolerated and seek emergency medical care IMMEDIATELY; an antivenom exists.

Is the Dornorn edible?

The Dornorn is rarely eaten.

More photos

Dornorn (Synanceia horrida) — Synanceiidae — 2
iNaturalist ((c) Christalla, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Dornorn (Synanceia horrida) — Synanceiidae — 3
unclecarlos (CC BY-NC 4.0) via GBIF — iNaturalist
Dornorn (Synanceia horrida) — Synanceiidae — 4
iNaturalist ((c) taysh2, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC))
Dornorn (Synanceia horrida) — Synanceiidae — 5
Febrianne S (CC BY-NC 4.0) via GBIF — iNaturalist
Fin

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All data

Identification

English name
Dornorn verified
Scientific name
Synanceia horrida
Family
Synanceiidae
Other names
Estuary stonefish; Estuarine stonefish; Stonefish; Horrid stonefish; True stonefish; Warty ghoul verified

Appearance

Size class
Large verified
Max length (cm)
60.0 verified
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped sourced
Dominant colour
Brown inferred
Pattern
Spots inferred
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Superior (upward) inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No sourced
Dorsal fins
One continuous inferred
Dorsal spines
Yes sourced

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Brackish sourced
Substrate
Stone or rock sourced
Min depth (m)
0.0 verified
Max depth (m)
40.0 verified
Natural range
Indo-West Pacific; coastal reefs and estuaries, buried in sand or mud. inferred
Origin
Native sourced

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore sourced
Diet (detail)
Fishes and shrimps swimming past sourced
Social behaviour
Solitary inferred
Territorial
No inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes sourced
Sexual dimorphism
No inferred
Seasonality
Present year-round in its habitat; no pronounced seasonality known. inferred
Special features
One of the most venomous fishes in the world; camouflaged as a stone, with thirteen venomous dorsal fin spines. sourced

For anglers

Edibility
Rarely eaten sourced
Fishing method
Fishing with natural bait (fish, shrimp, worm) or lures close to reef and rock structures. inferred
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
Venomous / poisonous sourced
First aid
The dorsal fin spines contain a very powerful, potentially deadly venom; this is one of the most dangerous fishes in the world. A sting causes extreme pain and swelling. Immerse the wound in water as hot as can be tolerated and seek emergency medical care IMMEDIATELY; an antivenom exists. sourced

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

Same genus Synanceia

More from the family Synanceiidae

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