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Bowfin (Amia calva) — Amiidae

Bowfin

Amia calva
Family: Amiidae
LC · Least Concern

The Bowfin (Amia calva) is a freshwater fish of the family Amiidae that grows up to 109 cm.

Length
109 cm
Water
Freshwater
Diet
Carnivore
Behaviour
Solitary
Activity
Nocturnal
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped
Substrate
Algae or seagrass meadow
Danger
May bite
Edibility
Commonly eaten

Description

The bowfin is an archaic predator of the family Amiidae and the only surviving species of a very ancient fish group; it reaches about 1.1 metres. The cylindrical, brown-marbled body has a very long, undulating dorsal fin, a bony, hard head and a gas bladder that works as a primitive lung, so it can gulp air in oxygen-poor water. The male has a conspicuous, yellow-ringed eyespot on the tail base. The species comes from eastern North America and lives in slow, densely vegetated water of swamps, lakes and rivers. As an ambush predator it pounces on fish, crustaceans, frogs and insects. The male builds a nest and fiercely guards the dense black school of young. It bites hard when handled.

Frequently asked questions

How do you recognise the Bowfin?

The Bowfin has a torpedo-shaped body, is mainly brown and shows a marbled pattern.

Where does the Bowfin live?

The Bowfin lives in fresh water and is mostly found around algae or seagrass beds.

How big does the Bowfin get?

The Bowfin grows to a maximum of about 109 cm. On average the species is around 53 cm.

Is the Bowfin dangerous to humans?

The Bowfin can bite, but is otherwise not dangerous to humans.

Is the Bowfin edible?

Yes, the Bowfin is commonly eaten.

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All data

Identification

Dutch name
Moddersnoek inferred
English name
Bowfin verified
Scientific name
Amia calva
Family
Amiidae
Other names
Blackfish; Bonnetmouth; Bowfin; Cottonfish verified

Appearance

Size class
Extra large verified
Max length (cm)
109.0 verified
Average length (cm)
53.3 verified
Body shape
Torpedo-shaped verified
Dominant colour
Brown sourced
Pattern
Marbled sourced
Tail shape
Rounded inferred
Mouth position
Terminal inferred
Lips
Thick / fleshy inferred
Barbels
No verified
Dorsal fins
One continuous sourced
Dorsal spines
No verified

Habitat & distribution

Water type
Freshwater verified
Substrate
Algae or seagrass meadow verified
Origin
Native verified

Behaviour & biology

Diet
Carnivore verified
Social behaviour
Solitary verified
Territorial
Yes verified
Activity
Nocturnal inferred
Reproduction
Separate sexes verified
Sexual dimorphism
Yes verified
levensduur_max_jaar
30.0 verified

For anglers

Edibility
Commonly eaten verified
Fishing method
Werpen met een aasvis of stevig kunstaas langs plantenranden; een explosieve, hard vechtende sportvis (pas op de tanden) sourced
Regulations source
FishBase ↗ inferred

Safety

Danger to humans
May bite verified

Status & sources

Sources
FishBase via GBIF (DwC-A), CC-BY-NC 4.0

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